Groom of the Stool : diforc'h etre ar stummoù

Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
EmausBot (kaozeal | degasadennoù)
D r2.6.4) (Robot kemmet: sv:Groom of the Stool
Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm
Linenn 1:
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[[Skeudenn:CommodeStoolcirca1650.jpg|thumb|200px|Kador-doull war-dro 1650. Dastumad Hampton Court.]]
 
'''Groom of the Stool''' eo an anv a veze graet e [[Bro-Saoz]] ouzh an den karget da dorchañ [[revr]] ar roue pa veze bet o [[kac'hat]].<ref>[http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/W/worstjobs/tudor.html Channel 4 - The Worst Jobs in History - Tudor<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
 
Linenn 6:
Ur garg heñvel a oa e lez [[Bro-C'hall]], ha ''porte-coton'' a veze graet eus an den e karg.
 
E deroù ren Herri VIII e veze roet an titl da mignoned d'ar roue, kompagnuned el lez a dremene amzergantañ en e gambr, ar [[Privy chamber]].
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In the early years of [[Henry VIII]]'s reign, the title was awarded to minions of the King, court companions who spent time with him in the [[Privy chamber]]. These were the sons of noblemen or important members of the gentry. In time they came to act as virtual personal secretaries to the King, carrying out a variety of administrative tasks within his private rooms. The position was an especially prized one, as it allowed one unobstructed access to the King's attention. [[David Starkey]] writes: "The Groom of the Stool had (to our eyes) the most menial tasks; his standing, though, was the highest... Clearly then, the royal body service must have been seen as entirely honorable, without a trace of the demeaning or the humiliating."<ref>Quoted in Orlando Patterson, ''Slavery and Social Death: A Comparative Study''. Harvard University Press. 1982. Page 330.</ref> Further, "the mere word of the Gentleman of the Privy Chamber was sufficient evidence in itself of the king's will," and the Groom of the Stool bore "the indefinable charisma of the monarchy."<ref>Quoted in Kevin M. Sharpe and Steven N. Zwicker, ''Reading, Society and Politics in Early Modern England''. Cambridge University Press, 2003. Page 51.</ref>
 
The position existed in a less-scatological but much more senior form, the [[Groom of the Stole]], until 1901. These were always important noblemen.