Ruteniom : diforc'h etre ar stummoù
Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
D Robot ouzhpennet: ckb:ڕوتینیۆم |
Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm |
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<div style="text-align: right"><small>[[Taolenn beriodek an elfennoù|Taolenn beriodek]]</small></div>
|-bgcolor=#e9e955
| align="center" colspan="2" | '''[[
|-bgcolor=#e9e955
| align="center" colspan="2" | '''Rummad kimiek''' : [[Metaloù ardreuzat]]
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[[File:Ruthenium a half bar.jpg|thumb|260px|<center>'''Ruteniom'''</center>]]
Un [[elfenn gimiek]] eo ar '''ruteniom'''
''Teskad ar [[palladiom]]'' (TaP) a reer eus ar metaloù ardreuzat <sub>44</sub>Ru, <sub>45</sub>[[rodiom|Rh]], <sub>46</sub>[[palladiom|Pd]], <sub>76</sub>[[osmiom|Os]], <sub>77</sub>[[iridiom|Ir]] ha <sub>78</sub>[[platin|Pt]]. Ral-tre eo ar ruteniom, ha ne vez kavet nemet kevret gant unan eus metaloù TaP — ar platin, an osmiom hag an iridiom peurliesañ. E mengleuzioù [[nikel]] dreist-holl e kaver TaP, ha ruteniom neuze.<br />
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== Perzhioù ==
Ur metal kalet liv an argant eo ar ruteniom, 12,37 [[
=== Kimiek ===
[[Oksiderezh|Oksidet]] e vez da ≈800
=== Izotopoù ===
'''<sup>102</sup>Ru''' zo unan unan ar seizh [[izotop]] a gaver en natur, ha 34 izotop all zo bet dizoloet. Pemzek [[skinizotop]] zo ivez, eus '''<sup>90</sup>Ru''' betek '''<sup>115</sup>Ru''', gant un [[hanter-vuhez]] berroc'h eget 4,44 eurvezh.
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== Daveennoù ==
* [http://portal.acs.org/portal/acs/corg/content ''American Chemical Society''] {{en}} <small>Liamm oberiant 25 DU 12</small>
* AN NOLLAEG Yann-Baol, ''Geriadur ar Gimiezh'', Preder, Plomelin, 2008 ISBN 978-2-901383-69-7▼
* AN
▲* AN
* ''
* ''Atomic weights of the elements 2007 (IUPAC Technical Report)'' [http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/81/11/2131/ ''Pure an Applied Chemistry''] {{en}} <small>Liamm oberiant 26 HER 12</small>
* ''Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements'' [http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/Compositions/stand_alone.pl?ele=&ascii=html&isotype=some ''National Institute of Standards and Technology''] {{en}} <small>Liamm oberiant 18 HER 12</small>
* [http://www.brgm.fr/index.jsp ''Bureau de Recherche Géologique et Minière (BRGM)''] {{fr}} <small>Liamm oberiant
* CONSIDINE Glenn D., ''Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry'', Wiley-Interscience, 2005 ISBN 978-0-471-61525-5 {{en}}
* DEPOVERE Paul, ''La classification périodique des éléments — La merveille fondamentale de l'Univers'', De Boeck, Brussels, Belgia, 2002 ISBN 978-2-8041-4107-3 {{fr}}
* EMSLEY John, ''Nature's Building Blocks — An A-Z Guide to the Elements'', Oxford University Press, 2001 ISBN 978-0-19-850341-5 {{en}}
* ''Geriadur
* ÉTIENNE Guy, ''Geriadur ar Stlenneg'', Preder, 1996 ISBN 978-2-901383-14-7
* HOLDEN Norman, ''History of the Origin of the Chemical elements and Their Discoverers'', New York, 2001 [http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/content/elements.html ''Brookhaven National Laboratory] {{en}} <small>Liamm oberiant
* [http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/ ''International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)''] {{en}} <small>Liamm oberiant 26 HER 12</small>
* LIDE David R., ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics - 88th Edition'', CRC Press,2007 ISBN 978-0-8493-0488-0 {{en}}</ref>▼
* [http://www.
▲* LIDE David R., ''CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics - 88th Edition'', CRC Press, 2007 ISBN 978-0-8493-0488-0 {{en}}
* [http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/ ''National Nuclear Data Center''] {{en}} <small>Liamm oberiant 09 KZU 12</small>
* [http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/ ''Royal Society of Chemistry] {{en}} <small>Liamm oberiant 03 KZU 2012</small>
* STWERTKA Albert, ''A Guide to the Elements'', Oxford University Press, 1996 ISBN 978-0-19-508083-4 {{en}}
* [http://www.webelements.com/ ''Webelements''] {{en}} <small>Liamm oberiant 26 HER 2012</small>
{{ElfennoùKimiek}}
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[[Rummad:Elfennoù kimiek]]
{{Liamm PuB|en}}
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