Rannig (yezhoniezh) : diforc'h etre ar stummoù

Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
Neal (kaozeal | degasadennoù)
lañs
 
Neal (kaozeal | degasadennoù)
DDiverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm
Linenn 1:
{{LabourAChom}}
 
Er [[yezhoniezh]] e vez implijet an termen '''rannig ''' ([[Saozneg|saoz]]: [[:en:Grammatical particle|''particle'']]) evit komz en un doare ledan-tre eus [[Ger goullo|gerioù goullo]] ha n'hall bet bezañ na [[Derveradur|deveret]] nag implijet [[Kenger|kengerioù]] gante hag a dalvez evit merkañ perzhioù [[Uezhadur|yezhadurel]] evel ar [[jener]], ar [[Gour (yezhoniezh)|gour]] pe [[Amzer (yezhoniezh)|amzer]] ar [[Verb|verboù]].
 
===Da skouer, Articles, infinitival, prepositional, and adverbial particles===, Interjections, sentence connectors, and conjunctions
In [[linguistics]], the term '''particle''' is often employed as a useful catch-all lacking a strict definition. In general, it is understood that particles are [[function word]]s that tend to be [[uninflected word|uninflected]] — that is, words which do not have suffixes, for example, that reflect grammatical gender, tense or person. However, the term may have a broader definition.
 
Depending on its context, the meaning of the term may overlap with such notions as "[[morpheme]]", "[[marker (linguistics)|marker]]", or even "[[adverb]]" (another catch-all term). Like many linguistic concepts, the precise content of the notion is very language-specific.
 
The term ''particle'' is often used in descriptions of [[Japanese language|Japanese]] and [[Korean language|Korean]], where they are used to mark [[noun]]s according to their [[case]] or their role ([[subject (grammar)|subject]], [[object (grammar)|object]], [[complement (linguistics)|complement]], or [[topic (linguistics)|topic]]) in a sentence or clause. In fact, these particles are simply [[Adposition|postpositions]].
 
Under the strictest definition, which demands that a particle be an uninflected word, English deictics like ''this'' and ''that'' would not be classed as such (since they have plurals), and neither would [[Romance language|Romance]] articles (since they are inflected for number and gender).
Linenn 13 ⟶ 9:
On the other hand, if a particle is defined as simply an invariable word, interjections are to be classed as particles, as well as sentence-tagging particles like Japanese and Chinese question markers.
 
Kemmañ a ra implij resis an tremen-mañ a [[yezh]] da yezh betek ma c'hell kenglotaat zoken gant kealoù yezhoniel all evel ar "[[Morfemenn|vorfemenn]]", ar "[[morpheme]]", "[[Merk (yezhoniezh)|merkoù yezhoniel]]" pe c'hoazh "[[Ragverb|ragvernboù]]".
==Different types of particles in English==
 
The term ''particle'' is often used in descriptions of [[Japanese language|Japanese]] and [[Korean language|Korean]], where they are used to mark [[noun]]s according to their [[case]] or their role ([[subject (grammar)|subject]], [[object (grammar)|object]], [[complement (linguistics)|complement]], or [[topic (linguistics)|topic]]) in a sentence or clause. In fact, these particles are simply [[Adposition|postpositions]].
===Articles, infinitival, prepositional, and adverbial particles===
 
*The definite article ''[[Wiktionary:the|the]]'' (the indefinite article ''a'' or ''an'' cannot really be classed as uninflected as in the plural it is not used)
* the infinitive ''[[Wiktionary:to|to]]'', as in ''to walk''
* prepositions, such as ''over'' as in ''I went over the hill''
* adverbs, such as ''[[Wiktionary:even|even]]'' as in ''even the youngest of them''; or [[phrasal verb]]s, such as ''put off'' as in ''we put it off too long''
 
===Interjections, sentence connectors, and conjunctions===
 
[[Sentence connector]]s, tags or [[tag question]]s (also called [[sentence-final]]s), and [[grammatical conjunction|conjunctions]] connect to what has been said in a previous clause or sentence. These three types of grammatical particles (similarly to modal particles in some other languages) also reflect the speaker's mood and attitude toward what has come before in the conversation, or is likely to follow later. Because of their similar functions,[[Interjection]]s, sentence connectors, and conjunctions should be grouped together:
 
Interjections
* [[Wiktionary:ah|ah]]
* [[Wiktionary:alas|alas]]
* [[Wiktionary:farewell|farewell]]
* [[Wiktionary:goodbye|goodbye]]
* [[Wiktionary:hello|hello]]
* [[Wiktionary:hi|hi]]
* [[Wiktionary:hmm|hmm]]
* [[Wiktionary:hum|hum]]
* [[Wiktionary:meh|meh]]
* [[Wiktionary:no|no]]
* [[Wiktionary:oh|oh]]
* [[Wiktionary:ouch|ouch]]
* [[Wiktionary:wow|wow]]
* [[Wiktionary:yes|yes]]
* [[Zzz|zzzzzzzzz]] (as in a cartoon for someone sleeping, one of the few non-vocal interjections)
 
The list of interjections is probably never-ending as it belongs to the [[open class word]] category and is subject to new creations at all times.
 
Sentence connectors
* [[Wiktionary:so|so]] (as in ''So what'')
* [[Wiktionary:well|well]] (as in ''Well, we can’t help that'')
* [[Wiktionary:still|still]] (as in ''Still, it could have been a lot worse'')
* [[Wiktionary:yet|yet]] (as in ''I am older now, yet I still enjoy some of the things I used to do'')
* [[Wiktionary:as|as]]
* [[Wiktionary:also|also]]
* [[Wiktionary:however|however]]
* [[Wiktionary:nevertheless|nevertheless]]
* otherwise
* [[Wiktionary:anyway|anyway]]
* [[Wiktionary:then|then]]
* [[Wiktionary:too|too]] (as in ''that, too, has been said in the past''}
 
Tags or tag questions (sentence-finals)
* "''...didn't they?''"; "''...wasn't it?''"; "''...shouldn't it?''", etc.
 
Conjunctions
* [[Wiktionary:and|and]]
* [[Wiktionary:or|or]]
* [[Wiktionary:nor|nor]]
* [[Wiktionary:but|but]]
* [[Wiktionary:while|while]] (''while it is true that all line repairs are undertaken on Sundays, not all trains should be assumed to be late'')
* [[Wiktionary:although|although]]/though
* [[Wiktionary:for|for]] (as in ''she could not see the film, for she was too young''
* [[Wiktionary:because|because]]
* unless
* [[Wiktionary:since|since]] (as in ''since you asked, I will tell you'')
 
[[Rummad:Yezhoniezh]]