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[[Category:Yezhoù ar bed]]
{{LabourAChom}}
{{Peurunvan}}
Hulaulá ('יהודיותא [Hûla'ûlā] or לשנא נשן [Lišānā Nošān]')
Ur [[Yezhoù semitek|yezh semitek]] eo an '''noshaneg'''(לשנא נשן ''lišānā nošān'') pe '''houlaolaeg''' ('יהודיותא ''hûla'ûlā'') komzet ez-hengounel e [[Kurdistan]] ([[Iran]]). Bremañ avat e vez kavet an darn vrasañ eus ar 10.000 den barrek war ar yezh-mañ e Stad "[[Israel]]".
'''Hulaulá''' is a modern [[Jew]]ish [[Aramaic language]], often called ''Neo-Aramaic'' or ''Judeo-Aramaic''. It was originally spoken in [[Kurdistan Province|Iranian Kurdistan]]. Most speakers now live in [[Israel]]. The name ''Hulaulá'' simply means 'Jewish'. Speakers sometimes call their language ''Lishana Noshan'' or ''Lishana Akhni'', both of which mean 'our language'. To distinguish it from other dialects of Jewish Neo-Aramaic, Hulaulá is sometimes called ''Galiglu'' ('mine-yours'), demonstrating different use of prepositions and pronominal suffixes. Scholarly sources tend simply to call it ''Persian Kurdistani Jewish Neo-Aramaic''.
Skrivet e vez gant al [[lizherenneg henbraek]] evl an darn vrasañ eus ar [[yezhoù yuzevek]].
{{language|
|familycolor=yellow
|name=Hulaulá
|nativename='<big>יהודיותא</big> [''Hûla'ûlā''] or <big>לשנא נשן</big> [''Lišānā Nošān'']'
|states=[[Israel]], [[Iran]], [[USA]]
|region=[[Israel]], originally form [[Kurdistan Province|Iranian Kurdistan]]
|speakers=10,000
|rank=''Not in top 100''
|family=[[Afro-Asiatic]]<br>
[[Semitic languages|Semitic]]<br>
[[Central Semitic languages|Central Semitic]]<br>
[[Aramaic language|Aramaic]]<br>
Eastern Aramaic<br>
Central<br>
Northeastern<br>
'''Hulaulá'''
|nation=None
|agency=None
|iso1= None
|iso2=sem
|sil=HUY
}}
== OriginGwelet and use todayivez ==
* [[Yezhoù yuzevek]]
Hulaulá sits at the southeastern extreme of the wide area over which various Neo-Aramaic dialects used to be spoken. From [[Sanandaj]], the capital of [[Kurdistan Province, Iran]], the area extended north, to the banks of [[Lake Urmia]]. From there, it extended west to [[Lake Van]] (in [[Turkey]]), and south onto the Plain of [[Mosul]] (in [[Iraq]]). Then it headed east again, through [[Arbil]], back to [[Sanandaj]].
Hulaulá is somewhat intelligible with the Jewish Neo-Aramaic of Lake Urmia and [[Iranian Azerbaijan]]: [[Lishan Didan]]. It is also somewhat intelligible with its western neighbour, the Jewish Neo-Aramaic of Arbil: [[Lishanid Noshan]]. However, it is unintelligible with the Christian Neo-Aramaic of Sanandaj: [[Senaya language|Senaya]]. Christians and Jews spoke completely different Neo-Aramaic languages in the same region. Hulaulá is sometimes called ''Targumic'', due to the long tradition of translating the [[Hebrew Bible]] into Aramaic, and the production of [[targum]]s.
The various dialects of Hulaulá were clustered around the major settlement areas of Jews in the region: the cities of [[Sanandaj]] and [[Saqqez]] in [[Kurdistan Province, Iran]], with a southern outpost at Kerend, and a cluster in the [[Iraq]]i city of [[Sulaymaniyah]]. Hulaulá is full of loanwords from [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]].
The upheavals in their traditional region after the [[First World War]] and the founding of the State of [[Israel]] led most of the Persian Jews to settle in the new homeland in the early [[1950s]]. Most older speakers still have [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]] as a second language, while younger generations have [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]. Hulaulá is the strongest of all the Jewish Neo-Aramaic languages, with around 10,000 speakers. Almost all of these live in Israel, with a few remaining in Iran, and some in the [[USA]].
Hulaulá is written in the [[Hebrew alphabet]]. Spelling tends to be highly phonetic, and elided letters are not written.
== References ==
{{clearright}}{{Jewish language}}
* Heinrichs, Wolfhart (ed.) (1990). ''Studies in Neo-Aramaic''. Scholars Press: Atlanta, Georgia. ISBN 1-55540-430-8.
* Maclean, Arthur John (1895). ''Grammar of the dialects of vernacular Syriac: as spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan, north-west Persia, and the Plain of Mosul: with notices of the vernacular of the Jews of Azerbaijan and of Zakhu near Mosul''. Cambridge University Press, London.
== See also ==
* [[Aramaic language]]
* [[Jewish languages]]
* [[Aramaic alphabet]]
== External links ==
== Liammoù diavaez ==
* [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=HUY Ethnologue report for Hulaulá].
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