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[[Skeudenn:Adalric.jpg|thumb|right|280px|''Adalricus, dux Alsatiæ''. Adalrig]]
'''Adalrich''' pe '''Adalrig''', pe ''' Etic'hon'''<ref>Kavout a reer ar stummoù ''Adalricus'', ''Chadelricho'', ''Hetticho'', ''Etichon'', ''Cathicus'', ''Cathic'', pe ''Athich''.</ref> , a oa ur priñs [[frank]], ganet war-dro 635 er ''pagus Attoariensis''<ref>An anv-se a gaver c'hoazh e titl Isembard, en IXvet kantved, a oa ''comte d'Attuyer/Atuyer'' mab Adalard, ha kont Chalon. ([http://gilles.maillet.free.fr/histoire/famille_bourgogne/comte_chalon.htm "Les comtes de Chalon-sur-Saône"]).</ref> e korn-bro Dijon, en hanternoz [[Bourgogn]], ha marvet d'an [[20 a viz C'hwevrer]] 690 e kastell Hohenbourg. Un den a bouez e oa en [[Aostrazia]] e dibenn ar {{VIIvet kantved}}.
Anvet e voe dug Elzas eus 662 betek 689. Eñ eo tad al lignez an Etic'honed. Tad [[Santez Odil]] eo, santez [[Elzas]], ha moarvat hendad an Habsbourged: ganto e kavor madoù an Etic'honed un toullad kantvedoù diwezhatoc'h.
E-kreiz ar VIIvet kantved int tud a grog da vezañ ar brasañ diazezerien abatioù er vro dindan an dug [[Amalgar]] hag e wreg Aquilina.<ref>Anv an dug Amalgar hag e wreg Aquilina, a vije bet merc'h da [[Waldelenus]], ''[[dux]]'' er vro etre an [[Alpoù]] hag ar [[Jura]] , ha Flavia, a gaver en ul lignez adsavet a liamm [[Etic'honed]] Elzas gant hendadoù [[galian-roman]] dre Flavia, a skriv [[Christian Settipani]] e-barzh "La transition entre mythe et réalité", ''Archivum'' '''37''' (1992:27-67); hervez Settipani ez eus liammoù etre Flavia ha [[Felix Ennodius]] ha [[Syagrius|Syagria]].</ref> Ur gouent a voe savet ganto e [[Brégille]] hag un abati evit menec'h e [[Bèze]], ha bugale dezho a voe lakaet en daou lec'h. War o lerc'h e renas o zrede bugel Adalrich,<ref>''Liutheric'' a vez graet anezhañ, maer ar palez, e '' Buhez Odilia''.</ref>
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who was the father of Adalrich, Duke of Alsace.
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==Brezel diabarzh 675–679==
Kentañ gwech ma weler anv Adalrich en Istor eo evel unan eus kostezenn ar briñsed a bedas [[Childeric II]] da gemer rouantelezh [[Neustria]] ha [[Bourgogn]] e 673 goude marv [[Chlothar III]]. Dimeziñ a reas da Berswinda, a oa kar da [[Leodegar]], eskob [[Autun]], hag a-du gant an eskob ez eas pa grogas ar brezel-diabarzh goude muntridigezh Childeric daou vloaz diwezhatoc'h, e 675.
Dug e oa Adalrich a-benn miz Meurzh 675.
Dug e oa Adalrich a-benn miz Meurzh 675<!--, when Childeric had granted him ''[[honores]]'' in Alsace with the title of ''[[dux]]'' and asked him to transfer some land to the recently-founded (c. 662) abbey at Gregoriental<ref>For this ''Münster im St. Gregoriental'', still at this time under its original [[Rule of St. Columbanus]], see [[Marmoutier Abbey (Alsace)|Marmoutiers Abbey, Alsace]].</ref> on behalf of Abbot Valedio. This grant was most probably the result of his support for Childeric in Burgundy, which had often disputed possession of Alsace with Austrasia. Later writers saw Adalrich as the successor in Alsace of [[Boniface, Duke of Alsace|Duke Boniface]]. After Childeric's assassination, Adalrich threw his support behind [[Dagobert II]] for the Austrasian throne.
Adalrich abandoned Leodegar and went over to [[Ebroin]], the [[mayor of the palace]] of Neustria, sometime before 677, when he appears as an ally of Theuderic, who granted-->
<!--him the monastery of Bèze.<ref>According to its chronicler Johannes of Bèze, the monastery of ''Fons Besua'' had been founded on a royal grant of land from Dagobert I (628) by Amalgar: see [[Waldalenus]]</ref> Taking advantage of the assassination of [[Hector of Provence]] in 679 to bid for power in Provence, he marched on [[Lyon]] but failed to take it and, returning to Alsace, switched his support to the Austrasians once more, only to find himself dispossessed of his lands in Alsace by [[Theuderic III|King Theuderic III]], an ally (and puppet) of Ebroin's who had opposed Dagobert in Austrasia since 675, who gave them to the Abbey of Bèze that year (679).
==Power in Alsace==
Adalrich maintained his power in a restricted dukedom which did not encompass land west of the [[Vosges]] as it had under Boniface and his predecessors. This land was a part of the kingdoms of Neustria and Burgundy, and only the land between the Vosges and the [[Rhine]] south to the [[Sornegau]], later Alsace proper, remained with Austrasia under Adalrich. The west of Vosges was under duke [[Theotchar]].
In Alsace, however, the civil war had resulted in a curtailed royal power and Adalrich's influence and authority, though restricted in territory, was augmented in practical scope. After the war, parts of the Frankish kingdom saw a more powerful viceregal hand under the exercise of the mayors of the palaces, while other regions were even less directly affected by the royal prerogative. The [[Merovingian]] palace at [[Marlenheim]] in Alsace was never visited by a royal figure again in Adalrich's lifetime. While southern Austrasia had been the centre of [[Wulfoald]]'s power, the [[Arnulflings]] were a north Austrasian family, who took scarce interest in Alsatian affairs until the 730s and 740s.
Adalrich had initially made his allies counts, but in 683 he granted the comital office to his son and eventual successor [[Adalbert, Duke of Alsace|Adalbert]]. By controlling monasteries and counties in the family, Adalrich built up a powerful regional duchy to pass on to his Etichonid heirs.
==Relationship with monasteries==
Adalrich had a rocky relationship with the monasteries of his realm, upon which he relied for his power. He is infamous for the suppression of that of [[Grandval]] and for lording it over monasteries, including his own foundations. According to the ''Life of [[Germanus of Granfelden|Germanus]]'' of Grandval, Adalrich "wickedly began oppressing the people in the vicinity [Sornegau] of the monastery and to allege that they had always been rebels against his predecessors." He removed the ''[[centenarius]]'' ruling in the region and replaced him with his own man, Count Ericho. He exiled the people of the Sornegau, who denied being rebels against previous dukes. Many of the people exiled from the valley were attached to Grandval and could not thus be exiled. Adalrich marched into the valley of the Sornegau with a large army of [[Alemanni]] at one end while his lieutenant Adalmund entered with a host by the other. The abbot, Germanus himself, and his provost [[Randoald of Grandval|Randoald]] met Adalrich with books and relics in order to persuade him not to make violence. The duke granted a ''wadium'',<ref>[http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vadium "Vadium"]</ref> a device of recompense or promise, and offered thus to spare the valley devastation, but for unknown reasons Germanus refused it. The region was ravaged.
Perhaps as penance for his relationship to the deaths of two future saints, Leodegar and Germanus of Grandval, or perhaps out of a secret desire — disclosed it is said to his intimate friends — to found a place to the service of God and take up the religious life, Adalrich founded two monasteries in north central Alsace between 680 and 700: [[Ebersheim, Alsace|Ebersheim]] in honour of [[Saint Maurice]] and [[Hohenburg]] on the site of an old Roman fort (of the emperor [[Maximian]]) discovered by his huntsmen and which he appropriated for his own military uses. Adalrich's daughter [[Odilia]] served as Hohenburg's first abbess and was later named [[patron saint]] of Alsace by [[Pope Pius VII]] in 1807.
==Veneration as a saint==
E verc'h [[Odilia]] was reputedly born blind, which Adalrich took as a punishment for some offence done to God. In order to save face with his retainers, he tried to persuade his wife to kill the infant child in secret. Berswinda instead sent the child into hiding with a maid at the monastery of [[Palma]]. According to the ''Life of Odilia'', a bishop named Erhard baptised the adolescent girl and smeared a chrism on her eyes, which miraculously restored her sight.
The bishop tried to restore the duke's relationship with his daughter, but Adalrich, fearing the effect of admitting to having a daughter hiding in poverty in a monastery would have on his subjects, refused. A son of his, ignoring Adalrich's orders, brought his sister back to Hohenburg, where Adalrich was holding court. When Odilia arrived, Adalrich, in a rage, struck a blow with his sceptre to his son's head, accidentally killing him. Disgraced, he reluctant allowed Odilia to live in the monastery, which had not abbess, with a minimal wage under a British nun.
Towards the end of his life he was reconciled to her and made her the first abbess of his foundation, handing the abbey over as if it were private property.<ref>Hans Hummer, "Reform and lordship in Alsace at the turn of the millennium," in Warren Brown and Piotr Górecki, eds. ''Conflict in Medieval Europe: Changing Perspectives on Society and Culture'' (Ashgate) 2003:76.</ref> Through his daughter Adalrich was reconciled to God and as early as the twelfth century was regarded as a saint with a local cult. His burial garments were displayed to pilgrims in his foundation at Hohenburg and a feast day was celebrated annually by the nuns. The portrayal of Adalrich as a nobleman who became holy while retaining his noble status and rank was very popular in the [[Rhineland]] and as far away as [[Bavaria]] in the Middle Ages. The ''Life'' probably sought to show how by simply maltreating a blind daughter in order to save face, Adalrich ended up far more dishonoured than he otherwise would have.
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==Notennoù==
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