Vogalenn nann-silabennek : diforc'h etre ar stummoù

Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
Neal (kaozeal | degasadennoù)
DDiverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm
Neal (kaozeal | degasadennoù)
DDiverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm
Linenn 1:
{{LabourAChom}}
 
Er [[yezhoniezh]] e vez implijet an termen '''vogalenn nann-silabennek''' ([[Saozneg|saoz.]]: [[:en:Non-syllabic vowel|''non-syllabic vowel'']]) evit komz eus ur [[sonenn]] [[vogalenn|vogalennheñvel]] ha n'eo ket $nucleus ur [[silabenn]] me ur [[mora]], da lâret eo n'eo ket rann bouezusañ ar silabenn.
 
A '''non-syllabic vowel''' is a [[vowel]]-like sound that is not the nucleus of a [[syllable]] or [[mora (linguistics)|mora]] (ie. it doesn't make up the most [[prominence (phonetics)|prominent]] part of the syllable). In languages such as [[Japanese language|Japanese]] and many [[Polynesian languages]], every vocalic segment constitutes a separate syllable or mora. That is, there are no [[diphthong]]s.{{dubious}}
 
However, languages such as [[English language|English]] have large numbers of diphthongs. A convenient way to indicate that a vowel sound is a non-syllabic part of a diphthong is to write these as [[approximant]]s, such as ''eye'' {{IPA|[aj]}} or ''cow'' {{IPA|[kaw]}}. However, phoneticians often object that the final segments of these diphthongs do not have the constriction of the consonants {{IPA|[j]}} or {{IPA|[w]}} as in ''yes'' {{IPA|[jɛs]}} or ''wall'' {{IPA|[wɔɫ]}}, but rather are purely vocalic, and therefore the symbols <j> and <w> are inappropriate. In addition, there are languages where a sequence like [ao] is a diphthong, but contrasts with a diphthong [au]; the symbol <w> obviously cannot be used for both. In such cases the [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] non-syllabic diacritic {{IPA|[&nbsp;&nbsp;̯]}} can be used; this is dubbed an ''arch''. Beside enabling contrasts like {{IPA|[ao̯]}} ''vs'' {{IPA|[au̯]}}, this allows a more precise transcription of standard diphthongs. For instance, the diphthong in English ''bay'' may be transcribed with a near-high vowel as {{IPA|[beɪ̯]}} rather than {{IPA|[bej]}}.
 
[[Spanish language|Spanish]] and [[Italian language|Italian]] both have a non-syllabic {{IPA|[o]}} as in ''bacalao'' and ''ciao'', respectively (or invertedly, ''almohada'' and ''Edoardo'' respectively). In both these languages the {{IPA|[ao]}} diphthong is phonetically distinct from the {{IPA|[au]}} diphthong; ie. the difference is not merely orthographic. Therefore the diphthong in the Italian ''Pao.lo'' cannot be said to be identical to that in the Portuguese ''Pau.lo''.
 
Dialects of Caribbean Spanish that drop an intervocalic /d/ will often put the {{IPA|[ao]}} diphthong into use, as in: ''pa.sa.do''→''pa.sao''. Spanish will also employ a non-syllabic {{IPA|[e]}} in words such as, ''pe.lear'' or ''de.sear''.
 
One use of the symbol is to explain the current "w-like" pronunciation of the [[Polish language|Polish]] character "ł", which is {{IPA|/ʊ̯/}}.
 
Note that in practice many diacritics, including the arch, are often left out in [[Phonetic_transcription#Narrow_and_broad_transcription|broad transcription]], so that ''bay'' is frequently transcribed {{IPA|[beɪ]}} (or even {{IPA|[beː]}} or {{IPA|[be]}}). It is necessary to know the phonology of the language in order to understand what is meant by such transcriptions.
 
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