Moger Antoninus : diforc'h etre ar stummoù
Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
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Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm |
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Linenn 4:
'''Moger Antoninus''', pe '''Mur Antoninus''' (evel e kembraeg) zo ur voger-difenn graet gant mein ha douar en amzer ar Romaned a-dreuz kreisteiz [[Skos]] etre ar [[Firth of Forth]], er reter, hag ar [[Firth of Clyde]] er c'hornôg.
Krog e oad d'he sevel e 142, en amzer an [[impalaer roman]] [[Antoninus Pius]], ha 12 vloaz e padas al labour. War-dro 63 km hed a oa dezhi
Ganti e klasked ober ur voger nevrez da gemer lec'h [[Moger Hadrian]], 160 km er c'hreisteiz, da ziskouez harzoù [[impalaeriezh Roma]].
Linenn 10:
Ugent vloaz goude, e 164, e voe tennet o soudarded diwar ar voger gant ar Romaned, da souzañ betek [[Moger Hadrian]].
==Ar sevel==
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[[File:Antonine.Wall.Roman.forts.jpg|frameless|left]]
An impalaer roman [[Roman Emperor]] [[Antoninus Pius]] a roas urzh da sevel ar voger war-dro 142.<ref>Robertson, Anne S. (1960) ''The Antonine Wall''. Glasgow Archaeological Society. p. 7.</ref> [[Quintus Lollius Urbicus]], a oa gouarnour [[proviñs Britannia ]] a reas war-dro ar savidigezh da gentañ, ha daouzek vloaz e padas al labour.<ref>Breeze, David J. (2006) ''The Antonine Wall''. Edinburgh. John Donald. ISBN 0-85976-655-1 p. 167.</ref> En em astenn a ra, war-hed 63 km, eus [[Old Kilpatrick]], e [[West Dunbartonshire]] war lez ar [[Firth of Clyde]] er c'hornôg, betek Carriden, e-kichen [[Bo'ness]] war lez ar [[Firth of Forth]].
Savet e oa da gemer lec'h Moger Hadrian ( 160 km pelloc'h er c'hreisteiz) evel harzoù an impalaeriezh. Met e-keit ma veze ar soudarded roman o sevel ar voger ha meur a greñvlec'h all pelloc'h en hanternoz, e oant ket gouest da drec'hiñ tud kalet Kaldonia, hag arsailhet e voe ar voger meur a mec'h.
[[File:Antonine wall.JPG|thumb|left| [[Moger Antoninus]] pa seller war-zu ar reter adalek Bar Hill etre Twechar ha [[Croy, North Lanarkshire|Croy]]]]
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The Romans called the land north of the wall ''[[Caledonia (Roman)|Caledonia]]'', though in some contexts the term may refer to the whole area north of Hadrian's Wall.
The Antonine Wall was shorter than Hadrian's Wall and built of [[Sod|turf]] on a stone foundation rather than of stone, but it was still an impressive achievement. The stone foundations and wing walls of the original forts demonstrate that the original plan was to build a stone wall similar to Hadrian's Wall, but this was quickly amended. As built, the wall was typically a bank, about four metres (13 feet) high, made of layered turves and occasionally earth with a wide [[ditch (fortification)|ditch]] on the north side, and a [[Roman road|military way]] on the south. The Romans initially planned to build forts every {{convert|10|km|0|abbr=off}}, but this was soon revised to every {{convert|3.3|km|0|abbr=off}}, resulting in a total of nineteen forts along the wall. The best preserved but also one of the smallest forts is [[Rough Castle Fort]]. In addition to the forts, there are at least 9 smaller fortlets, very likely on Roman mile spacings, which formed part of the original scheme, some of which were later replaced by forts.<ref name="L.Keppie, Scotland's Roman Remains 1986">L.Keppie, Scotland's Roman Remains. Edinburgh 1986)</ref> The most visible fortlet is Kinneil, at the eastern end of the Wall, near Bo'ness.<ref>[http://www.historic-scotland.gov.uk/index/policyandguidance/world_heritage_scotland/antoninewall.htm Historic Scotland - Looking after our heritage - The Antonine Wall<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
[[File:Near infra-red kite aerial photo of Kinneil Roman Fortlet.jpg|thumb|left|A near infra-red kite aerial photograph of Kinneil Roman Fortlet, near Bo'ness at the eastern end of the Antonine Wall.]]
In addition to the line of the Wall itself there are a number of coastal forts both in the East (e.g. [[Inveresk]]) and West (Outerwards and Lurg Moor), which should be considered as outposts and/or supply bases to the Wall itself. In addition a number of forts farther north were brought back into service in the [[Gask Ridge]] area, including [[Ardoch fort|Ardoch]], [[Strageath]], [[Bertha]]<ref name="L.Keppie, Scotland's Roman Remains 1986"/> and probably Dalginross and [[Cargill]].<ref>D.J.Woolliscroft & B.Hoffmann, Romes First Frontier. The Flavian occupation of Northern Scotland (Stroud: Tempus 2006)</ref>
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[[Rummad:Istor Breizh-Veur]]
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