Stumm eus an 11 Mae 2007 da 13:41 kemmañ Neal (kaozeal \| degasadennoù) 36 397 kemm lañs		Stumm eus an 11 Mae 2007 da 15:15 kemmañ dizober Neal (kaozeal \| degasadennoù) 36 397 kemm DDiverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm Kemm nevesoc'h →
Linenn 1: {{LabourAChom}} Er [[yezhoniezh]] e vez implijet an termen '''kensonenn a-gostez''' ([[Saozneg\|saoz.]]: [[:en:Lateral consonant\|''lateral consonant'']]) war dachenn ar [[fonetik]] hag ar [[fonologiezh]] evit komz eus ur [[kensonenn\|gensonenn]] maheñvel ~~vez~~he son ouzh hini al [[L (lizherenn)\|lizherenn 'l']], produet dre serriñ ar genoù en ul lec'h bennak a-hed an teod en ul leuskel an aer o tont eus ar [[skevent]] da redek ha da vont kuit dre kostezennoù an teod pe dre ur gostezenn eus an teod nemetken. Peurliesañ e vez serret ar genoù en un tu bennak dre stekiñ penn an teod ouzh ouzh an dent (gw. [[kensonenn dent]]) pe ouzh ar c'hevig (gw. [[kensonenn kevig]]). ~~'''Laterals''' are "L"-like [[consonant]]s pronounced with an occlusion made somewhere along the axis of the tongue, while air from the lungs escapes at one side or both sides of the tongue.~~ [[Kensonenn dre dostaat\|Kensonennoù dre dostaat]] eo an darn vrasañ eus ar c'hensonennoù a-gostez. Renket e vez ar c'hesnonennoù a-gostez e rummad ar [[kensonenn $liquid\|c'hensonennoù $liquid]]. Most commonly the tip of the tongue makes contact with the upper teeth (see [[dental consonant]]) or the upper gum (the alveolar ridge) just behind the teeth (see [[alveolar consonant]]). The most common laterals are [[approximant]]s and belong to the class of [[liquid consonant\|liquids]]. Kemmañ a ra kalz an niver a gensonennoù implijet gant pep [[yezh]] resis, o vont eus unan nemetken e [[japaneg]] pe e [[pachtoueg]], betek 17 e [[!xóõ]]. ~~=== Laterals in various languages ===~~ Setu ar c'hensonenn dre serriñ pennañ gant bep o arouezenn hervez reolennoù treuzskrivañ al [[LFE\|lizherenneg fonetikel etrebroadel]]: English has one lateral phoneme: the lateral approximant {{IPA\|/l/}}, which in many accents has two [[allophone]]s. One, found before vowels as in ''lady'' or ''fly'', is called ''clear l'', pronounced as the [[alveolar lateral approximant]] {{IPA\|[l]}} with a "neutral" position of the body of the tongue. The other variant, so-called ''dark l'' found before consonants or word-finally, as in ''bold'' or ''tell'', is pronounced as the [[velarized alveolar lateral approximant]] {{IPA\|[ɫ]}} with the tongue assuming a spoon-like shape with its back part raised, which gives the sound a {{IPA\|[w]}}- or {{IPA\|[ʟ]}}-like resonance. In some languages, like [[Albanian language\|Albanian]], those two sounds are different phonemes. [[East Slavic languages]] contrast {{IPA\|[ɫ]}} and {{IPA\|[lʲ]}} but do not have a plain [l]. * [l] kensonenn kevig dre dostaat a-gostez (mouezhiet), d.s. [[brezhoneg\|bzhg.]] '''''l'''emm'' In many British accents (e.g. London English), dark {{IPA\|[ɫ]}} may undergo [[l-vocalization\|vocalization]] through the reduction and loss of contact between the tip of the tongue the alveolar ridge, becoming a rounded back vowel or glide. This process turns ''tell'' into something like {{IPA\|[tɛɰ]}}. A similar process happened in [[Brazilian Portuguese]] and in [[Old French]], resulting in {{IPA\|[w]}}, whence [[Modern French]] ''sauce'' as compared with [[Spanish language\|Spanish]] ''salsa''. Also in Polish historical {{IPA\|[ɫ]}} (spelled ''ł'') has become [w]. * [ɫ] kensonenn kevig dre dostaat a-gostez hogedet (mouezhiet), d.s. [[.]] * [l] kensonenn kevig dre dostaat a-gostez (mouezhiet), d.s. [[.]] In central and Venice dialects of [[Venetian language\|Vèneto]] intervocalic {{IPA\|/l/}} has turned into a semivocalic {{IPA\|[e]}}, so that the written word ''la bala'' is pronounced {{IPA\|[abae̯a]}}. Many aboriginal [[Australian languages]] have a series of three or four lateral approximants, as do various dialects of [[Irish language\|Irish]]. Rarer lateral consonants include the retroflex laterals that can be found in most [[Indic languages]]; and the sound of [[Welsh language\|Welsh]] ''ll'', the [[voiceless alveolar lateral fricative]] {{IPA\|[ɬ]}} that is also found in [[Zulu language\|Zulu]] and many [[Native American languages]].In [[Adyghe language\|Adyghe]] and some [[Athapaskan languages]] like [[Hän language\|Hän]] both voiceless and voiced alveolar lateral fricative occur, but there is no approximant. Many of these languages also have lateral [[affricate]]s. Some languages have palatal or velar voiceless lateral fricatives or affricates, such as [[Dahalo language\|Dahalo]] and [[Zulu language\|Zulu]] but the IPA has no symbols for these sounds. However, appropriate symbols are easy to make by adding a lateral-fricative belt to the symbol for the corresponding lateral approximant (see below). Failing that, a devoicing diacritic is added to the approximant. ~~[[Tibetan language\|Tibetan]] has a voiceless lateral approximant, usually romanized as ''lh'', as in the name [[Lhasa]].~~ ~~[[Japanese language\|Japanese]] has an [[alveolar lateral flap]] and [[Pashto language\|Pashto]] has [[retroflex lateral flap\|retroflex]] one.~~ ~~A large number of lateral [[click consonant]]s, 17, occur in [[!Xóõ]].~~ ~~=== List of laterals ===~~ * [[Alveolar lateral approximant]] {{IPA\|[l]}} * [[Velarized alveolar lateral approximant]] {{IPA\|[ɫ]}} * [[Retroflex lateral approximant]] {{IPA\|[ɭ]}} * [[Palatal lateral approximant]] {{IPA\|[ʎ]}}

Kostezenn (yezhoniezh) : diforc'h etre ar stummoù