Jakob Hutter : diforc'h etre ar stummoù

Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm
Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm
Linenn 3:
 
==E vuhez==
Ganet eo bet Hutter e Moos e-kichen [[SantSankt Lorenzen]] e traonienn ar [[Puster]] e [[Su Tirol ar Su]] (bremañ e [[Bro-Italia]]). Deskiñ a reas ar vicher a doger e [[Prags]] e traonienn ar [[Puster]] ha dont areasa reas da vezañ un artizan-baleer.
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He first encountered Anabaptists in [[Klagenfurt]] and soon thereafter was converted to their belief. He began preaching in the Tyrol region, forming several small congregations. In early 1529, authorities in the Tyrol began to persecute Anabaptists there. Hutter and a few others went to investigate [[Moravia]], because they heard the persecution was not as severe there. They found the situation was indeed more tolerant and the Tyrolean Anabaptists decided to emigrate. As small groups moved to Moravia, Hutter remained in the Tyrol to pastor to those who remained.
 
Kejañ a reas gant [[advadezour|advadezourien]] evit ar wech kentañ e [[Klagenfurt]] ha buan e voe kendrec'het gant o c'helennadurezh. Kregiñ a reas da brezeg en Tirol, o krouiñ un toullad kumuniezhioù bihan.
Hutter escaped capture by the authorities because other captured Anabaptists would not reveal his whereabouts, even under severe torture. In 1527, [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria]] declared that seductive doctrines and heretical sects "will not be tolerated."
 
E penn kentañ [[1529]] e krogas pennadurezhioù Tirol da heskinañ an advadezourien. Mont a reas Hutter hag un nebeud re all da [[Moravia|Voravia]] peogwir o doa klevet ne oa ket ken garv an heskinerezh eno. Kavout a rejont e oa gwelloc'h ar saviad hag advadezourien Tirol a zivizas divroañ. Tra ma yeas Strolladoù d'ober o annez e Moravia, e vanas Hutter e Tirol evit bleniañ ar re a oa chomet.
Hutter went to Moravia in 1533, when the persecution of the Anabaptists in the Tyrol was at its peak. Many Anabaptists from the [[Palatinate (region) | Pfalz]], [[Schwaben]] and [[Silesia]] also came to Moravia. Hutter united the local Anabaptist congregations, enabling Anabaptism in Moravia to flourish. Under Hutter's leadership, several of the congregations adopted the early Christian practice of communal ownership of goods, in addition to their Anabaptist beliefs of nonviolence, and adult baptism.
Ne voe ket tapet Hutter gant ar pennadurezhioù peogwir ne lavaras netra an advadezourien bet paket diwar-benn e zoareoù zoken goude bezañ bet jahinet garv.
 
Embann a reas [[Ferdinand Iañ an Impalaeriezh Santel|Ferdinand Iañ]], Impalaer Roman Santel hag arc'hdug [[Aostria]] e [[1527]] ne vefe damasantet da sektenn disivouder ebet.
In 1535 the Moravian government expelled all Anabaptists from Moravia and they scattered to surrounding countries. Hutter returned to the Tyrol where he was arrested on 30 November 1535 in [[Klausen, South Tyrol|Klausen]] and brought to the fortress [[Castle Bronzolo]]. On 9 December, Hutter was moved to Innsbruck, where he was interrogated and pressured to [[Recantation|recant]]. Even under severe torture he would not recant or reveal the names of other Anabaptists. Hutter was sentenced to death by fire and died on 25 February 1536 at the stake in [[Innsbruck]] in front of the [[Golden Roof]]. According to the [[Hutterian Chronicle]], a total of 360 Anabaptists were executed in the [[County of Tyrol|Tyrol]].
 
Tec'hout a reas Hutter da Voravia pa voe an heskinerezh enep an advadezourien e Tirolen e washañ e [[1533]]. Kalzik advadezourien all eus [[Pfalz]], [[Schwaben]] ha [[Silezia]] a zeus d'ober o annez e Moravia ivez.
Hutter's words are recorded in eight letters, written under severe persecution.
 
Hutter a unvanas ar c'humuniezhioù advadezour o reiñ tro d'an advadezouriezh da ziorren a Moravia. Leviet gant Hutter e tibabas un darn eus ar c'humuniezhioù lakaat o madoù e boutin hervez doareoù ar gristenien gentañ ouzhpenn o c'hredenn advadezour en nann-feulster hag e badeziant an dud deuet.
 
E 1535 gouarnamant Moravia a argasas an holl advadezourien diouzh ar vro. Strewiañ a rejont er broioù tro-dro.
 
Distreiñ a reas Hutter da Dirol,ma voe harzet d'an [[30 a viz Du]] [[1535]] e [[Klausen]] ha kaset da greñvlec'h [[Castle Bronzolo]]. D'an [[9 a viz Kerzu]] e voe kaset da [[Innsbruck]] ma voe aterset ha bountet da zinac'h e gredenn. Daoust dezhañ bezañ bet jahinet garv ne zinac'has ket ha ne roas anv advadezour all ebet. Kondaonet e voe da vezañ devet. Mervel a reas d'an [[25 a viz C'hwevrer]] [[1536]] war arbuched e [[Innsbruck]] e-tal ar [[Goldeenes Dachl]]. [[File:IA GoldenesDachl-A.jpg|thumb|Goldenes Dachl (''Toenn Alaouret'') en Innsbruck, Aostria]]
 
Hervez Kronikenn an Hutteridi e vefe bet lazhet 360 advadezour en holl en Tirol.
 
Kavet a reer kelennadurezh Hutter en eizh lizher bet skrivet da vareoù a heskinerezh garv.
 
==Film==
''Jakob Hutter und die Hutterer, Märtyrer des Glaubens'', teulfilm, 82munutenn , Aostria, 2004, gant Thomas F. J. Lederer, produet gant Louis Holzer, Taura Film
 
==Levrlennadur==
 
*{en}''The Chronicle of the Hutterian Brethren'' ([[Plough Publishing House]] 1987)
*{en} ''Brotherly Faithfulness: Epistles from a Time of Persecution'' (Plough Publishing House 1979)
*{en}''Hutterite Beginnings: Communitarian Experiments during the Reformation'' gant [[Werner O. Packull]], The [[Johns Hopkins University Press]], 1995
* Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz: Huter, Jakob. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Band 2, Bautz, Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-032-8, pp. 1218–1221.
*Carl Adolph Cornelius: Huter, Jakob. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Band 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, p. 460.
*Grete Mecenseffy: Huter, Jakob. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 10, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1974, ISBN 3-428-00191-5.
*{en}Claus-Peter Clasen: The anabaptists in south and central Germany, Switzerland, and Austria – their names, occupations, places of residence and dates of conversion, 1525–1618. Mennonite Historical Society, Goshen, Ind. 1978, ISBN 0-8357-0324-X.
*Georg Loesche: Archivalische Beiträge zur Geschichte des Täufertums und des Protestantismus in Tirol und Vorarlberg (Jahrbuch für die Geschichte des Protestantismus in Österreich 47). Evangel. Presseverband in Österreich, Wien 1926.
*Christoph Hartung von Hartungen, Günther Pallaver (Hrsg.): Die Täuferbewegung. Zum 450. Todestag des Begründers der "Hutterer" Jakob Huter (1536–1986). Gaismair-Tage 1986. Praxis 3, Bozen 1989.
*Werner O. Packull: Die Hutterer in Tirol – frühes Täufertum in der Schweiz, Tirol und Mähren (= Schlern-Schriften. 312). Wagner, Innsbruck 2000, ISBN 3-7030-0351-0.
 
[[Rummad:Protestanted]]