Fonadur : diforc'h etre ar stummoù

Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
Neal (kaozeal | degasadennoù)
Neal (kaozeal | degasadennoù)
Linenn 77:
# narrowing of the [[pharynx]]
 
Until the development of [[fiber optics|fiber-optic]] [[laryngoscopy]], the full involvement of the larynx during speech production was not observable, and the interactions among the six laryngeal articulators is still poorly understood. However, at least two supra-glottal phonations appear to be widespread in the world's languages. These are [[harshmouezh voicec'harv]] ('ventricular' or 'pressed' voice), which involves overall constriction of the larynx, and [[faucalizedmouezh voicekleuz]] ('hollow' or 'yawny' voice), which involves overall expansion of the larynx.
 
gant [[rannyezh]] borek an [[dinkaeg]] e vez enebiet vogalennoù distaget gant ar vouezh plaen, ar vouezh sourrus, ar vouezh kleuz, hag ar vouezh c'harv ouzhpenn teir [[tonenn (yezhoniezh)|zonenn]], da skouer:
The Bor dialect of [[Dinka language|Dinka]] has contrastive modal, breathy, faucalized, and harsh voice in its vowels, as well as three tones. The ''ad hoc'' diacritics employed in the literature are a subscript double quotation mark for faucalized voice, {{IPA|[a͈]}}, and underlining for harsh voice, {{IPA|[<u>a</u>]}}. Examples are,
 
<small>Treuzskrivadurioù ''ad hoc'': {{IPA|[a͈]}} mouezh kleuz; {{IPA|[<u>a</u>]}} mouezh c'harv</small>
{| class=wikitable
|- align=center
Linenn 87 ⟶ 88:
|'''Bor Dinka'''||{{IPA|ʨìt̪}}||{{IPA|ʨì̤t̪}}||{{IPA|ʨ<u>ì</u>t̪}}||{{IPA|ʨì͈t̪}}
|- align=center
| ||''diarrhea''||''gomont aheadwar-raok''||''scorpions''||''to swallowlonkañ''
|}
 
Other languages with these contrasts are [[Bai language|Bai]] (modal, breathy, and harsh voice), [[Grusi languages|Kabiye]] (faucalized and harsh voice, previously seen as [[Advanced tongue root|±ATR]]), [[Somali language|Somali]] (breathy and harsh voice).
 
==Gwelit ivez:==