Aias Telamonios : diforc'h etre ar stummoù
Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm |
Hiraat |
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Linenn 1:
[[Image:Ajax's face.jpg|thumb|right|220px|Aias vras
[[Image:Achilles weapons Louvre CA545.jpg|thumb|left|180px|[[
[[Image:Ajax suicide BM F480.jpg|thumb|right|280px|Emlazh Aias, lestr eus [[Etruria]], war-dro [[-400|400]]-[[-350|350 kent J.-K.]], [[British Museum]]]]▼
'''Aias Telamonios''' ( Αἴας Τελαμώνιος, Aías Telamốnios e [[gregach]]), a oa mab [[Telamonios]], roue [[Salamis]] ha pried [[Periboea]],
'''Aias Vras''' a vez graet anezhañ ivez, dre ma oa brasoc'h eget an haroz all [[
▲'''Aias Telamonios''' ( Αἴας Τελαμώνιος, Aías Telamốnios e [[gregach]]), a oa mab Telamonios, roue [[Salamis]], hag un haroz e [[brezel Troia]], hervez mojennoù Hellaz kozh.
== Tiegezh==
▲'''Aias Vras''' a vez graet anezhañ ivez, dre ma oa brasoc'h eget an haroz all [[Ajas Oileos]], a veze graet '''Aias Vihan''' anezhañ.
'''Ajax''' a oa mab da Telamon (a oa mab da [[Aeacus]], ha mab-bihan da [[Zeus]]), ha d'e bried kentañ [[Periboea]].
Kenderv e oa da [[Akilles]], brudetañ brezelour hellazat zo bet, ha koshaén hanter-vreur [[Teuker]]. Kalz a dud vrudet en [[Aten]] a lavare diskenn anezhañ, evel [[Kimon]], [[Miltiades]], [[Alkibiades]], pe an istorour [[Thucydides]].
==Aias vras==
▲[[Image:Achilles weapons Louvre CA545.jpg|thumb|left|180px|[[Lécythe]] [[atikat]] à fond blanc a ziskouez marteze emgann Aias hag [[Odyseüs|Odiseus]] evit armoù [[Akilleus]], [[Eretria]], war-dro [[-500|500 kent J.-K.]], [[Mirdi al Louvre]]]]
Hervez an Iliada e oa ur mell den, brasañ ha kreñvañ brezelour a oa e-touez an Ac'heaned, met an eil war-lerc'h e genderv Akilles evit c'hoari gant armoù,
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second only to his cousin [[Achilles]] in skill-at-arms, and the 'bulwark of the Achaeans'. He was trained by the [[centaur]] [[Chiron]] (who had also trained his father, [[Telamon]], and Achilles' father [[Peleus]]), at the same time as Achilles. Aside from Achilles, Ajax is the most valuable warrior in [[Agamemnon]]'s army (along with [[Diomedes]]), though he is not as cunning as [[Nestor]], [[Idomeneus]], or [[Odysseus]]. He commands his army wielding a great hammer and a huge shield made of seven ox-hides with a layer of bronze. He is not wounded in any of the battles described in the ''Iliad''.
==Trojan War==
In the ''Iliad'', Ajax is notable for his abundant strength and courage, seen particularly in two fights with [[Hector]]. In Book 7, Ajax is chosen by lot to meet Hector in a duel which lasts most of a whole day. Ajax at first gets the better of the encounter, wounding Hector with his spear and knocking him down with a large stone, but Hector fights on until the [[herald]]s, acting at the direction of [[Zeus]], call a draw: the action ends without a winner and with the two combatants exchanging gifts.
The second fight between Ajax and Hector occurs when the latter breaks into the Achaean camp, and fights with the Greeks among the ships. In Book 14, Ajax throws a giant rock at Hector which almost kills him. In Book 15, Hector is restored to his strength by [[Apollo]] and returns to attack the ships. Ajax, wielding a spear as a weapon and leaping from ship to ship, holds off the [[Troy|Trojan]] armies virtually single-handedly. In Book 16, Hector is able to disarm Ajax (although Ajax is not hurt) and Ajax is forced to retreat under heavy fire. Hector and the Trojans succeed in burning one Greek ship, the culmination of an assault that almost finishes the war. Ajax manages to kill many of the other Trojan lords, including [[Phorkys]].
Achilles was absent during these encounters because of his feud with Agamemnon. In Book 9, Agamemnon and the other Greek chiefs send Ajax, Odysseus and [[Phoenix (Iliad)|Phoenix]] to the tent of Achilles in an attempt to reconcile with the great warrior and induce him to return to the fight. Although Ajax speaks earnestly and is well received, he does not succeed in convincing Achilles.
When Achilles' best friend [[Patroclus]] is killed, Hector tries to steal his body and feed him to the dogs. Ajax is the man who fights to protect the body, and he takes it back safely to Achilles at the camp. Ajax, assisted by [[Menelaus]], succeeds in fighting off the Trojans and taking the body back with his chariot; of course, the Trojans had already stolen the armor and left the body naked. Ajax's prayer to Zeus to remove the fog that has descended on the battle to allow them to fight or die in the light of day has become proverbial.
Like most of the other Greek leaders, Ajax is alive and well as the ''Iliad'' comes to a close. Later, when Achilles dies, killed by [[Paris (mythology)|Paris]] (with help from Apollo), Ajax and Odysseus are the heroes that fight against the Trojans to get the body and bury it next to his dear friend, Patroclus. Ajax, with his great axe, manages to get the Trojans away, while Odysseus pulls the body towards his chariot, and rides away. After the burial, both claim the armor for themselves, as recognition for their efforts. But in the end, after some discussion, Odysseus is given the armor. Ajax is furious about it, and falls to the ground, exhausted. When he wakes up, he is under the influence of a spell from Athena. He goes to a flock of sheep and slaughters them, imagining they are the Achaean leaders, including Odysseus and Agamemnon. When he comes to his senses, covered in blood, and realizes what he did, with diminished honor he decides that he prefers to kill himself rather than to live in shame. He did it with the same sword Hector had given him when they exchanged presents. (''[[Odyssey]],'' 11.541). From his blood sprang a red flower, as at the death of [[Hyacinth (mythology)|Hyacinthus]], which bore on its leaves the initial letters of his name ''Ai,'' also expressive of lament ([[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] 1.35.4). His ashes were deposited in a golden urn on the [[Rhoetean]] promontory at the entrance of the [[Hellespont]]. This account of his death is from the ''Ajax'' of [[Sophocles]]; in [[Pindar]]'s ''Nemean'', 7; and in [[Ovid]]'s ''[[Metamorphoses (poem)|Metamorphoses]]'', 13.1. Homer is somewhat vague about the precise manner of Ajax's death but does describe it to his loss in the dispute over Achilles's shield: when Odysseus visits [[Hades]], he begs the soul of Ajax to speak to him, but Ajax, still resentful over the old quarrel, refuses and descends silently back into [[Erebus]].
Like Achilles, he is represented (although not by Homer) as living after his death in the [[Snake Island (Black Sea)|island of Leuke]] at the mouth of the [[Danube]] ([[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]] 3.19.11). Ajax, who in the post-Homeric legend is described as the grandson of [[Aeacus]] and the great-grandson of Zeus, was the [[tutelary]] hero of the island of [[Salamis Island|Salamis]], where he had a temple and an image, and where a festival called ''Aianteia'' was celebrated in his honour (Pausanias 1.35). At this festival a couch was set up, on which the [[panoply]] of the hero was placed, a practice which recalls the Roman [[Lectisternium]]. The identification of Ajax with the family of Aeacus was chiefly a matter which concerned the [[Athenian]]s, after Salamis had come into their possession, on which occasion [[Solon]] is said to have inserted a line in the ''[[Iliad]]'' (2.557-558), for the purpose of supporting the Athenian claim to the island. Ajax then became an [[Attica|Attic]] hero; he was worshipped at [[Athens]], where he had a statue in the market-place, and the tribe ''Aiantis'' was named after him. Pausanias also relates that a gigantic skeleton, its kneecap 5 inches in diameter, appeared on the beach near Sigeum, on the Trojan coast; these bones were identified as those of Ajax, the great champion of the Greeks in the ''Iliad''.
▲[[Image:Ajax suicide BM F480.jpg|thumb|right|280px|Emlazh Aias, lestr eus [[Etruria]], war-dro [[-400|400]]-[[-350|350 kent J.-K.]], [[British Museum]]]]
==Palace==
In 2001, Yannos Lolos began excavating a [[Mycenaean Greece|Mycenaean]] palace on the island of Salamis that may have been Ajax's home. The ruins have been excavated at a site near the village of Kanakia of Salamis, a few miles off the coast of Athens. The multi-story structure covers 750 m² (8,000 [[Square foot|sq ft]]) and had perhaps 30 rooms. It appears to have been abandoned at about the era of the Trojan War. [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-2106548,00.html]
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==Liammoù diavaez==
{{Commonscat|Ajax the great|Aias Vras}}
[[Rummad:Mojennoù Hellaz]]
[[Rummad: brezel Troia]]
[[bg:Аякс Теламонид]]
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