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Kulhwch hag Olwen : diforc'h etre ar stummoù

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[[Skeudenn:Ysbaddaden.JPG|270px|thumb|right|Kulhwch hag Olwen e lez Ysbaddaden]]
'''Kulhwch hag Olwen''', pe '''''Culhwch ac Olwen''''' hervez doare ar c'hembraeg, zo unan eus koshañ danevelloù ar [[Mabinogi]]. Miret eo e '''''[[Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch]]''''' (skivet war-dro 1325) ha '''''[[Llyfr Coch Hergest]]''''' (war-dro 1400). Unan eus oberennoù meur lennegezh [[kembraek]] ar Grennamzer eo.
 
 
 
Unan eus ar skridoù koshañ a ra anv eus ar [[Roue Arzhur]] hag e varc'heien eo ivez. Disheñvel eo an Arzhur kembraek diouzh hini gallek [[Chrétien de Troyes]] avat. Amañ eo ur brezelour brezhon, denel ha bresk, kentoc'h eget ur roue kristen kourtes faltaziet gant [[Jafrez Menoe]]. Dont a ra eus mojennoù brezhon, hep levezon diavaez ebet, goude ma kaver meneg eus tud a Vreizh Vihan, ha betek eus [[Gwilherm an Alouber]].
Diouzh ar yezh ekav da lod e vije bet savet war-dro an XIvet kantved. Da neuze e vije ar skrid arzhurian kentañ hag unan eus skridoù koshañ Kembre. Evit anv ar gontadenn n'eus ket anezhañ en dornskridoù
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Certain linguistic evidence indicates it took its present form by the 11th century,[citation needed] making it perhaps the earliest Arthurian tale and one of Wales' earliest extant prose texts.[citation needed] The title is a later invention and does not occur in early manuscripts.[citation needed]
 
Charlotte Guest an hini alakaas an danevell e-touez an 11 a vodas en e
Lady Charlotte Guest included this tale among those she collected under the title The Mabinogion. Besides the quality of its storytelling it contains several remarkable passages: the description of Culhwch riding on his horse is frequently mentioned for its vividness (a passage reused to similar effect in the 16th century prose "parody" Araith Wgon, as well as in 17th century poetic adaptations of that work), the fight against the terrible boar Twrch Trwyth certainly has antecedents in Celtic tradition, and the list of King Arthur's retainers recited by the hero is a rhetorical flourish that preserves snippets of Welsh tradition that otherwise would be lost.▼
levr ''The Mabinogion''
 
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▲Lady Charlotte Guest included this tale among those she collected under the title The Mabinogion. Besides the quality of its storytelling it contains several remarkable passages: the description of Culhwch riding on his horse is frequently mentioned for its vividness (a passage reused to similar effect in the 16th century prose "parody" Araith Wgon, as well as in 17th century poetic adaptations of that work), the fight against the terrible boar Twrch Trwyth certainly has antecedents in Celtic tradition, and the list of King Arthur's retainers recited by the hero is a rhetorical flourish that preserves snippets of Welsh tradition that otherwise would be lost.
 
[edit] Synopsis
Linenn 24 ⟶ 25:
 
[edit] Cultural influence
Culhwch and Olwen was, quite probably, one of the main inspirations to the tale of Beren and Lúthien, a tale narrated in The Silmarillion written by J. R. R. Tolkien.[1]
 
 
In both stories, the male heroes made rash promises after having been stricken by the beauty of feeric maidens, both enlist the aid of great kings, Arthur and Finrod, shown rings that proved their identities, both are defied with impossible tasks that included, direct or indirectly, the hunting and killing of ferocious beasts, the wild boars, Twrch Trwyth and Ysgithrywyn, and the wolf Carcharoth, with the help of a supernatural hound, Cafall and Huan. Also both the maidens possessed such magnificent beauty that flowers grown beneath their feet when they were coming to meet the heroes for the first time.▼
 
 
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==Levezon==
Diwar ''Culhwch ac Olwen'' eo bet savet ''Beren and Lúthien'', un danevell e-barzh ''The Silmarillion'' skrivet gant [[J. R. R. Tolkien]].
▲<!--In both stories, the male heroes made rash promises after having been stricken by the beauty of feeric maidens, both enlist the aid of great kings, Arthur and Finrod, shown rings that proved their identities, both are defied with impossible tasks that included, direct or indirectly, the hunting and killing of ferocious beasts, the wild boars, Twrch Trwyth and Ysgithrywyn, and the wolf Carcharoth, with the help of a supernatural hound, Cafall and Huan. Also both the maidens possessed such magnificent beauty that flowers grown beneath their feet when they were coming to meet the heroes for the first time.-->
 
==Lennadurezh==
 
===Ar skrid===
*Rachel Bromwich ha D. Simon Evans (gol.), ''Culhwch ac Olwen'' ([[Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru]], [[Caerdydd]], 1988)
*Bromwich. Rachel and Evans, D. Simon ''Culhwch and Olwen: An Edition and Study of the Oldest Arthurian Tale'' University of Wales Press, 1992. ISBN 0-7083-1127-X.
 
CeirTestenn testundiplomatek diplomatigen yndoare-skrivañ yrorin orgraffe-barzh wreiddioldaou yn nwy gyfrolzastumad J. Gwenogvryn Evans,:
*''The Text of the Mabinogion... from the Red Book of Hergest'' (Rhydychen, 1887)
*''The White Book Mabinogion'' ([[Pwllheli]], 1907; argraffiadembannadur newyddnevez gol.gant gan R.M. Jones, ''Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch'', [[Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru]], 1973)
*Patrick K. Ford (translatortroour andhag editorembanner), ''Culhwch and Olwen'', frome-barzh ''The Mabinogi and Other Medieval Welsh Tales'', [[Berkeley]]: University of California Press, 1977. ISBN 0-520-03414-7
*Idris Llewelyn Foster, "''Culhwch and Olwen'' and ''Rhonabwy's Dream''" in ''Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages'', Roger S. Loomis (editor). Clarendon Press: Oxford University, 1959. ISBN 0-19-811588-1▼
*Jeffrey Gantz (translator), ''Culhwch and Olwen'', from ''The Mabinogion'', Penguin, November 18, 1976. ISBN 0-14-044322-3▼
 
===Studiennoù===
*Idris Foster, 'Culhwch ac Olwen' e-barzh ''Y Traddodiad Rhyddiaith yn yr Oesau Canol'', Geraint Bowen (embanner),(Caerdydd, 1974)
▲*Idris Llewelyn Foster, "''Culhwch and Olwen'' andha ''Rhonabwy's Dream''" in ''Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages'', Roger S. Loomis (editor). Clarendon Press: Oxford University, 1959. ISBN 0-19-811588-1
▲*Jeffrey Gantz (translator), ''Culhwch and Olwen'', frome-barzh ''The Mabinogion'', Penguin, November 18, 1976. ISBN 0-14-044322-3
 
==Liammoù diavaez==
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