Uibhist a Deas : diforc'h etre ar stummoù
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Linenn 1:
'''Uibhist a Deas''' (distaget ˈɯ.ɪʃtʲ ə tʲes̪) , pe ''South Uist'' e [[saozneg]]
'''South Uist''' ([[Scottish Gaelic]]: '''Uibhist a Deas''' is an [[island]] of the [[Outer Hebrides]] in [[Scotland]]. Hervez niveradeg 2001 e oa 1,818 o chom enni.
Ur mirva naturel eo, ha meur a lec'h a dalvoudegezh hendraouriezhel zo . Kavet e oa bet aze momiennoù ragistorel. 90% eus an dud a zo katoliked. Bev eo ar [[gouezeleg]]. ''"Deasaich"'' (Kreisteiziz) a vez graet eus an dud e gouezeleg.
==Douaroniezh==
[[Image:Our Lady of the Isles.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Delwenn Itron Varia an Inizi]]
<!--The island, in common with the rest of the Hebrides, is one of the last remaining strongholds of the [[Scottish Gaelic language|Gaelic]] language in Scotland. In 2006 South Uist, and neighbouring [[Benbecula]] and [[Eriskay]] were involved in Scotland's biggest community land buyout to date. In the north west there is a missile testing range.
{{Infobox Scottish island
|Map=UK South Uist.PNG
|GridReference=NF786343
|celtic name= {{Audio|Uibhist a Deas.ogg|Uibhist a Deas}}
|norse name=
|meaning of name= From 'inni-vist', Old Norse for 'dwelling'.
|area= {{convert|32026|ha|sqmi|0}}
|area rank=9
|highest elevation= Beinn Mhor {{convert|620|m|ft|0}}
|Population=1,818
|population rank=9
|main settlement=[[Lochboisdale]]
|island group= Uists & [[Barra]]
|local authority=[[Na h-Eileanan Siar]]
|references=<ref>2001 UK Census per [[List of islands of Scotland]]</ref><ref name=Smith>{{Haswell-Smith}}</ref><ref>[http://www.isle-of-man.com/manxnotebook/manxsoc/msvol22/author.htm ''The Chronicles of Mann'']. [[Manx Society]]. Vol XXII, Retrieved 4 July 2007.</ref> <ref>[http://lexicon.ff.cuni.cz/png/oi_zoega/b0229.png Germanic Lexicon Project] Retrieved 4 July 2007.</ref><ref>[http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/ Ordnance Survey]</ref>
}}
The west is [[Machair (geography)|machair]] (fertile low-lying coastal plain) with a continuous sandy [[beach]] whilst the east coast is mountainous with the peaks of [[Beinn Mhòr]] {{convert|620|m|ft|0}} and [[Hecla (South Uist)|Hecla]] {{convert|606|m|ft|0}}.
The main village on the island is [[Lochboisdale]] (''Loch Baghasdail''), from which ferries sail to [[Oban]] on the mainland and to [[Castlebay]] (''Bàgh a' Chaisteil'') on [[Barra]]. The island is also linked to [[Eriskay]] and [[Benbecula]] by [[causeway]]s. Smaller settlements include [[Daliburgh]] (''Dalabrog''), [[Howmore]] (''Tobha Mòr'') and [[Ludag]].
==Economy==
Tourism is important to the island's economy and attractions include the [[Kildonan Museum]] housing the [[16th century|sixteenth century]] [[Clanranald Stone]] and the ruins of the house where [[Flora MacDonald (Scottish Jacobite)|Flora MacDonald]] was born.
South Uist is home to the Askernish Golf Course. The oldest course in the Outer Hebrides, designed by [[Old Tom Morris]], who also worked on the Old Course at St. Andrews. The course, which existed intact until the 1930s, is now being restored to Morris's original design, although this is being held up by disagreements with local crofters.<ref>[http://www.storasuibhist.com/LatestPressReleases.php Storas Uibhist press release]</ref> Part of the course was destroyed to make way for a runway, and its identity remained hidden for many years before its apparent discovery, but the claim is disputed by many locals.<ref>[http://www.cybergolf.com/state.asp?stateID=78&newsID=3857 cybergolf.com re Askernish course.] Retrieved 16 June 2007.</ref><ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/highlands_and_islands/6753819.stm Crofters deny Old Tom claim] Retrieved 18 June 2007.</ref><ref> Forgan, Duncan (28 July 2007) ''Island pins hopes on past links''. Edinburgh. The Scotsman newspaper.</ref>
After a protracted campaign South Uist residents took control of the island on [[30 November]] [[2006]] in Scotland's biggest community land buyout to date. The previous landowners, a sporting syndicate, sold the assets of the {{convert|92000|acre|km2|2}} estate for £4.5 million<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/highlands_and_islands/6195966.stm Land buyout reality for islanders] BBC News Online</ref> to a Community Company known as Stòras Uibhist which was set up to purchase the land and to manage it in perpetuity.<ref>[http://www.storasuibhist.com/index.php Stòras Uibhist]</ref><ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20061201/ai_n16909442 ''Islanders pay £4.5m to be rid of feudal lairds''] The Independent newspaper. (1 December 2006) Retrieved 29 July 2007.</ref> The buyout resulted in most of South Uist, and neighbouring Benbecula, and all of Eriskay coming under community control.<ref> ''The quiet revolution''. (19 January 2007) Broadford. West Highland Free Press.</ref>
The proposal for community ownership has received the overwhelming support of the people of the islands who look forward to participating in the opportunity to regenerate the local economy, to reverse decline and depopulation, to reduce dependency while remaining aware of the environmental needs, culture and history of the islands. The company name Stòras Uibhist symbolises hope for the future wealth and prosperity of the islands.
==Nature Reserve==
{{main|Nature of the Outer Hebrides}}
[[Image:South Uist machair (timniblett).jpg|thumb|Flowering [[Machair (geography)|machair]] on South Uist]]
[[Loch Druidibeg]] in the north of the island is a [[National Nature Reserve]] owned and managed by [[Scottish Natural Heritage]]. The reserve covers 1,677 hectares of [[Machair (geography)|machair]], [[bog]], freshwater [[loch]]s, [[estuary]] heather moorland and hill.<ref>[http://www.snh.org.uk/pdfs/publications/nnr/large_print/Loch%20Druidibeg.pdf SNH Loch Druidibeg] Retrieved 29 July 2007.</ref> Over 200 species of flowering plants have been recorded on the reserve, some of which are nationally scarce. South Uist is considered the best place in the UK for the aquatic plant Slender Naiad ''(Najas flexilis)''<ref>[http://www.jncc.gov.uk/protectedsites/SACselection/species.asp?FeatureIntCode=S1833 JNCC Slender Naiad report] Retrieved 29 July 2007.</ref> which is a [[European Protected Species]].
Nationally important populations of breeding waders are also present, including [[Common Redshank|redshank]], [[dunlin]], [[Northern Lapwing|lapwing]] and [[ringed plover]]. The reserve is also home to [[Greylag Goose|greylag geese]] on the loch and in summer [[Corn Crake|corncrake]]s on the machair. [[European Otter|Otter]]s and [[Hen Harrier|hen harrier]]s are also seen.
There has been considerable controversy over [[European Hedgehog|hedgehog]]s on South Uist. The animals are not native to the islands, having been introduced in the 1970s to reduce garden pests. They now pose a threat to the eggs of ground nesting wading birds on the reserve. In 2003 Scottish Natural Heritage undertook a cull of hedgehogs in the area.<ref>[http://www.thehedgehog.co.uk/campaign.htm Epping Forest Hedgehog Rescue] Retrieved 1 January 2007.</ref><ref>Ross, John (21 February 2007) ''Hedgehogs saved from the syringe as controversial Uist cull called off''. Edinburgh. The Scotsman newspaper.</ref>
==Archaeology==
[[Image:South Uist.jpg|thumb|Looking west to Nicolson's Leap. In the background are [[Beinn Mhór]] on the left, and [[Hecla (South Uist)|Hecla]] on the right.]]
The SEARCH project (Sheffield Environmental and Archaeological Research Campaign in the Hebrides) on South Uist has been developing a long-term perspective on changes in settlement and house form from the [[Bronze Age]] to the [[19th century]]. Organisation within [[Iron Age]] [[Atlantic roundhouse|roundhouses]] appears to have been very different from 19th century ''blackhouses'' in which the dwelling was shared with stock. Stock sharing living space with people is often regarded as a traditional Hebridean arrangement reflecting [[Norsemen|Norse]] influence.<ref>Smith, H., Marshall, P. and Parker Pearson, M. 2001. Reconstructing house activity areas pp 249-270. In Albarella, U (ed) Environmental Archaeology: Meaning and Purpose. Kluwer Academic Publishers.</ref>
The [[archaeology|archaeological]] site of [[Cladh Hallan]], the only site in [[Great Britain]] where prehistoric [[mummy|mummies]] have been found, is on South Uist.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/archaeology/excavations_techniques/mummies_cladhhallan_01.shtml BBC - History - The Mummies of Cladh Hallan]</ref>
==Missile testing==
In the north west of the island at ({{coord|57|20|00|N|07|20|00|W|}}), a missile testing range was built in 1957-58 to launch the [[Corporal missile]], Britain and America's first guided nuclear weapon. This development went ahead despite significant protests, some locals expressing concern that the [[Scottish Gaelic language]] would not survive the influx of English-speaking army personnel. The British Government claimed that there was an 'overriding national interest' in establishing a training range for their newly purchased Corporal, a weapon that was to be at the front line of [[Cold War]] defence. The [[Corporal missile]] was tested from 1959 to 1963, before giving way to Sergeant and Lance tactical nuclear missiles. The 'rocket range' as it is known locally has also been used to test high altitude research rockets, [[Skua (rocket)|Skua]] and [[Petrel (rocket)|Petrel]], which despite their purportedly scientific remit, were operated by the [[Atomic Weapons Establishment|Atomic Weapons Research Establishment]] in Aldermaston.
The range is still owned by the [[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|MoD]] operated by [[QinetiQ]] as testing facility for missile systems such as the surface-to-air [[Rapier missile]] and [[Unmanned Air Vehicles]] (see[http://www.qinetiq.com/home/defence/test_and_evaluation/tande_services/singlesitefacilities/hebrides_facilities/hebrides_operations.html]).
==Stamps==
A single stamp was issued for South Uist by Ken Gibson in the 1970's. The stamp shows an outline map of the island. This stamp is keenly sought after by collectors of British Locals.
<ref name="catalog">{{cite news
| title = Modern British Local Posts CD Catalogue, 2009 Edition| publisher = Phillips
| date = 2003 | url = http://www.seahorsepublishers.com/phillipscatalogues.htm
| accessdate = 2008-12-8 }}</ref>
==Footnotes==
{{reflist|2}}
==Liammoù diavaez==
*[http://www.southuist.com southuist.com - Photo galleries, accommodation, news and events]
*[http://www.iochdar.co.uk Iochdar.co.uk, a website about outdoor recreation in South Uist]
*[http://www.storasuibhist.com StorasUibhist.com, the official website of the community-owned South Uist Estate]
*[http://www.fotw.net/flags/gb-heb.html Flags of the world - Hebrides]
*[http://www.biggarden.co.uk An Gàrradh Mòr, Historic walled garden at Cille Bhrìghde]
*[http://www.astronautix.com/sites/souhuist.htm Rocket launches at South Uist]
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/military/story/0,11816,1036617,00.html Corporal missile inaccuracy revealed, The Guardian Sept 6 2003]
*[http://www.askernishgolfclub.com Askernish Golf Club]
*[http://www.cne-siar.gov.uk/school/daliburgh/home.htm Daliburgh School]
*[http://maps.google.com/maps?q=&t=k&om=0&ll=57.342724,-7.359778&spn=0.004921,0.014634 Google Maps:Rocket launch site]
*[http://www.uistonline.com/index.htm Uist Online]
*[http://www.ampaipear.org.uk Am Paipear Community Newspaper]
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