Tu-seveniñ : diforc'h etre ar stummoù
Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
Neal (kaozeal | degasadennoù) Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm |
Neal (kaozeal | degasadennoù) DDiverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm |
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Linenn 19:
Implijet e vez seurt frammadurioù e meur a yezh, driest-holl er [[Yezh daspegel|yezhoù daspegel]]-tre, en o zouez ar [[yezhoù salichek]], [[an oubic’heg]], an [[ainoueg]] hag ar [[bembaeg]].
Meur a doare tu-seveniñ resis aa c’hell bezañ implijet gaant ur yezh bennak o klotaat gant bep ur perzh dissheñvel, da skouer evit lec’hiañ (“lokativel”), evit $ (“komitativel”), evit diskwel e pe vod e vez kaset da benn (“benvenel”) pe evit diskwel gant piv e vez resevet ober/staad ar verb (“$benefactive”).
Sometimes various applicatives will be expressed by the same morpheme, such as in the [[Bantu languages|Bantu]] language [[Chichewa]], where the morpheme ''-ir-'' forms both instrumental and locative applicatives. Some languages, such as [[Luganda language|Luganda]], permit a 'second applicative' (known in Luganda as the Augmentive Applied), formed by a double application of the infix. In this case the second applicative is used to give an alternative meaning.
Applicatives may also be the only way of expressing such roles, as in the Bantu language [[Chaga language|Kichaga]], where instrumental, benefactive, malefactive, and locative are formed solely by applicatives. In other languages applicatives coexist with other methods of expressing said roles. In these languages applicatives are often used to bring a normally oblique argument into special focus, or as in [[Nez Perce language|Nez Percé]], to keep humans as core arguments.
Applicatives have a degree of overlap with [[causative]]s, and in some languages the two are realised identically. While differing from true applicatives, a similar construction known as [[dative shift|dative shifting]] occurs in other languages, including English.
==References==
*{{cite book
| first = Mark
| last = Aronoff
| coauthors = Kirsten Fudeman
| year = 2005
| title = What is Morphology?
| publisher = Blackwell Publishing Ltd
| isbn = 0-631-20319-2
}}
*{{cite book
| first = Sam
| last = Mchombo
| year = 1998
| title = The Handbook of Morphology
| chapter = 25: Chichewa
| editor = Andrew Spencer and Arnold M. Zwicky
| publisher = Blackwell Publishers Ltd
| isbn = 0-631-22694-X
}}
*{{cite book
| first = Marianne
| last = Mithun
| year = 2001
| title = The Languages of Native North America
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| isbn = 0-521-23228-7
}}
*{{cite book
| first = Thomas
| last = Payne
| year = 1997
| title = Describing Morphosyntax: A Guide for Field Linguists
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| isbn = 0-521-58805-7
}}
==Gwelit ivez:==
* [[Tu (yezhoniezh)|Tu yezhadurel]]
[[Rummad:Tu yezhadurel]]
[[en:Applicative voice]]
[[it:Diatesi applicativa]]
[[de:Applikativ]]
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