C'hios : diforc'h etre ar stummoù
Endalc’h diverket Danvez ouzhpennet
Diverradenn ebet eus ar c'hemm |
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Linenn 55:
After the Roman conquest Chios became part of the province of [[Asia (Roman province)|Asia]].
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[[Image:Eugène Delacroix - Massacre at Chios.jpg|200px|thumb|
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After the permanent division of the [[Roman Empire]] in 395 AD, Chios was for six centuries under the rule of the [[Byzantine Empire]]. This came to an end when the island was briefly held (1090–97) by Çaka Bey, a Turkish emir in the region is Smyrna during the first expansion of the Turks to the Aegean coast. However, the Turks were driven back from the Aegean coast by the [[First Crusade]], and the island reverted to Byzantine rule.
Linenn 72:
By the early 15th century, Asia Minor and the surrounding islands had fallen under Ottoman rule, however the Genoese families managed to maintain control over the island through the payment of a tribute to the Sultan. By the 16th century, as Genoese power waned, trade with Genoa had decreased and the local rulers become assimilated into the local population. This largely independent rule continued until 1566, when, with tensions rising, the Sultan decided that the island could potentially be used as a base for Western attacks on Constantinople. The island was invaded by Ottoman troops and absorbed without a battle into the [[Ottoman Empire]].
As well as the Latin and Turkish influx, documents record a small Jewish population from at least 1049 AD.<ref>[http://www.sephardicstudies.org/chios.html The Sephardic Community of Chios
</ref> The original Greek ([[Romaniotes|Romaniote]]) Jews, thought to have been brought over by the Romans, were later joined by Sephardic Jews welcomed by the Ottomans during the Iberian expulsions of the 15th century. During the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule, the government and tax gathering again remained in the hands of Greeks and the Turkish garrison was small and inconspicuous.<ref>William St. Clair, That Greece Might Still Be Free, ''The Philhellenes in the War of Independence'', Oxford University Press, London, 1972, p.79. ISBN 0192151940.</ref> Chios town itself however, was ethnically segregated, with the castle (Kastro) barred to the native Greeks and inhabited by Turks and Jews.
Linenn 78 ⟶ 81:
The mainstay of the island's wealth was the mastic crop. Chios was able to make a substantial contribution to the imperial treasury while at the same time maintaining only a light level of taxation. The Ottoman government regarded it as one of the most valuable provinces of the Empire.<ref>William St. Clair, p. 79</ref>
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=== Adalek an XIXvet kantved===
[[Image:KonstantinosKanaris.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Nikiphoros Lytras]], " The blowing up of the Nasuh Ali Pasha's flagship by Kanaris ", 143×109 cm. Averoff Gallery.]]
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