Thomas Cavalier-Smith

den
Reizh pe jener	paotr
Bro ar geodedouriezh	Rouantelezh-Unanet
Anv e yezh-vamm an den	Thomas Cavalier-Smith
Anv-bihan	Thomas
Berradur aozer boas e zoologiezh	Cavalier-Smith
Deiziad ganedigezh	21 Her 1942
Lec'h ganedigezh	Londrez
Deiziad ar marv	19 Meu 2021
Pried	Ema E-Yung Chao
Yezhoù komzet pe skrivet	saozneg
Tachenn labour	louzawouriezh, bevoniezh an emdroadur
Implijer	Skol-veur Oxford, King’s College Londrez
Bet war ar studi e	King’s College Londrez, Gonville and Caius College, Norwich School
Ezel eus	Royal Society, Royal Society of Canada
Prizioù resevet	ezel eus ar Royal Society, Priz etrebroadel bevoniezh, Frink Medal, medalenn linneek
Lec'hienn ofisiel	http://www.zoo.ox.ac.uk/people/view/cavaliersmith_t.htm

Thomas (Tom) Cavalier-Smith (ganet d'an 21 a viz Here 1942 ha tremenet d'an 19 a viz Meurzh 2021^[1]) a oa kelenner war bevoniezh an emdroadur e kevrenn zoologiezh skol-veur Oxford. Resevet en deus Priz etrebroadel ar vevoniezh (ur priz a 10 milion a yenoù) e 2004^[2].

E enklaskoù o deus roet tu da zizoleiñ un niver a vevedegoù unkelligek (protisted) hag o deus difennet kalz strolladoù taksonomek bras, evel ar Chromista, ar Chromalveolata, an Opisthokonta, ar Rhizaria, hag an Excavata. Anavet eo evit e reizhiadoù rummatadur eus holl ar vevien.

Reizhiad bevoniezh Cavalier-Smith

Linnaeus 1735^[3]	Haeckel 1866^[4]	Chatton 1925^[5]^[6]	Copeland 1938^[7]^[8]	Whittaker 1969^[9]	Woese et al. 1977^[10]^[11]	Woese et al. 1990^[12]	Cavalier-Smith 1993^[13]^[14]^[15]	Cavalier-Smith 1998^[16]^[17]^[18]	Ruggiero et al. 2015^[19]
—	—	2 impalaeriezh	2 impalaeriezh	2 impalaeriezh	2 impalaeriezh	3 damani	3 riezad vras	2 impalaeriezh	2 riezad vras
2 riezad	3 riezad	—	4 riezad	5 riezad	6 riezad	—	8 riezad	6 riezad	7 riezad
—	Protista	Prokaryota	Monera	Monera	Eubacteria	Bacteria	Eubacteria	Bacteria	Bacteria
		Prokaryota	Monera	Monera	Archaebacteria	Archaea	Archaebacteria	Bacteria	Archaea
		Eukaryota	Protista	Protista	Protista	Eucarya	Archezoa	Protozoa	Protozoa
							Protozoa	Protozoa	Protozoa
							Chromista	Chromista	Chromista
Vegetabilia	Plantae		Plantae	Plantae	Plantae		Plantae	Plantae	Plantae
Vegetabilia	Plantae		Plantae	Fungi	Fungi		Fungi	Fungi	Fungi
Animalia	Animalia		Animalia	Animalia	Animalia		Animalia	Animalia	Animalia

Notennoù

↑ "T. C-S", lec'hienn Protistology UK
↑ The Committee on the International Prize for Biology of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science awards the 2004 International Prize for Biology in the field of "Systematic Biology and Taxonomy" to Prof. Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.
↑ Linnaeus, C. (1735). Systemae Naturae, sive regna tria naturae, systematics proposita per classes, ordines, genera & species.
↑ Haeckel, E. (1866). Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. Reimer, Berlin.
↑ Chatton, É. (1925). "Pansporella perplexa. Réflexions sur la biologie et la phylogénie des protozoaires". Annales des Sciences Naturelles - Zoologie et Biologie Animale 10-VIII: 5–84
↑ Chatton, É. (1937). Titres et Travaux Scientifiques (1906–1937). E. Sottano, Sète, France.
↑ Copeland, H.F. (1938). "The kingdoms of organisms". Quarterly Review of Biology 13 (4): 383–420. DOI:10.1086/394568
↑ Copeland, H.F. (1956). The Classification of Lower Organisms. Palo Alto : Pacific Books. 6 p. DOI:10.5962/bhl.title.4474.
↑ Whittaker, R.H. (January 1969). "New concepts of kingdoms of organisms". Science 163 (3863): 150–160. DOI:10.1126/science.163.3863.150
↑ (August 1977) "An ancient divergence among the bacteria". Journal of Molecular Evolution 9 (4): 305–311. DOI:10.1007/BF01796092
↑ (November 1977) "Phylogenetic structure of the prokaryotic domain: the primary kingdoms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 74 (11): 5088–5090. DOI:10.1073/pnas.74.11.5088
↑ (1990) "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 87 (12): 4576–4579. DOI:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576
↑ Cavalier-Smith, T. (1981). "Eukaryote kingdoms: Seven or nine?". Bio Systems 14 (3–4): 461–481. DOI:10.1016/0303-2647(81)90050-2
↑ Cavalier-Smith, T. (1992). "Origins of secondary metabolism". Ciba Foundation Symposium 171: 64–80; discussion 80–7. DOI:10.1002/9780470514344.ch5
↑ (1993) "Kingdom protozoa and its 18 phyla". Microbiological Reviews 57 (4): 953–994. DOI:10.1128/mmbr.57.4.953-994.1993
↑ Cavalier-Smith, T. (1998). "A revised six-kingdom system of life". Biological Reviews 73 (3): 203–266. DOI:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x
↑ Cavalier-Smith, T. (2004). "Only six kingdoms of life". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 271 (1545): 1251–1262. DOI:10.1098/rspb.2004.2705
↑ Cavalier-Smith, T. (June 2010). "Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree". Biol. Lett. 6 (3): 342–345. DOI:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948
↑ (2015) "A higher level classification of all living organisms". PLOS ONE 10 (4): e0119248. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248

[1] "T. C-S", lec'hienn Protistology UK

[2] The Committee on the International Prize for Biology of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science awards the 2004 International Prize for Biology in the field of "Systematic Biology and Taxonomy" to Prof. Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK.

[Linnaeus1735-3] Linnaeus, C. (1735). Systemae Naturae, sive regna tria naturae, systematics proposita per classes, ordines, genera & species.

[Haeckel-4] Haeckel, E. (1866). Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. Reimer, Berlin.

[Chatton1925-5] Chatton, É. (1925). "Pansporella perplexa. Réflexions sur la biologie et la phylogénie des protozoaires". Annales des Sciences Naturelles - Zoologie et Biologie Animale 10-VIII: 5–84

[Chatton-6] Chatton, É. (1937). Titres et Travaux Scientifiques (1906–1937). E. Sottano, Sète, France.

[Copeland1938-7] Copeland, H.F. (1938). "The kingdoms of organisms". Quarterly Review of Biology 13 (4): 383–420. DOI:10.1086/394568

[Copeland1956-8] Copeland, H.F. (1956). The Classification of Lower Organisms. Palo Alto : Pacific Books. 6 p. DOI:10.5962/bhl.title.4474.

[Whittaker1969-9] Whittaker, R.H. (January 1969). "New concepts of kingdoms of organisms". Science 163 (3863): 150–160. DOI:10.1126/science.163.3863.150

[Woese1977-10] (August 1977) "An ancient divergence among the bacteria". Journal of Molecular Evolution 9 (4): 305–311. DOI:10.1007/BF01796092

[Woese1977b-11] (November 1977) "Phylogenetic structure of the prokaryotic domain: the primary kingdoms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 74 (11): 5088–5090. DOI:10.1073/pnas.74.11.5088

[Woese1990-12] (1990) "Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya.". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 87 (12): 4576–4579. DOI:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576

[13] Cavalier-Smith, T. (1981). "Eukaryote kingdoms: Seven or nine?". Bio Systems 14 (3–4): 461–481. DOI:10.1016/0303-2647(81)90050-2

[14] Cavalier-Smith, T. (1992). "Origins of secondary metabolism". Ciba Foundation Symposium 171: 64–80; discussion 80–7. DOI:10.1002/9780470514344.ch5

[15] (1993) "Kingdom protozoa and its 18 phyla". Microbiological Reviews 57 (4): 953–994. DOI:10.1128/mmbr.57.4.953-994.1993

[16] Cavalier-Smith, T. (1998). "A revised six-kingdom system of life". Biological Reviews 73 (3): 203–266. DOI:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x

[CavalierSmith2004-17] Cavalier-Smith, T. (2004). "Only six kingdoms of life". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 271 (1545): 1251–1262. DOI:10.1098/rspb.2004.2705

[pmid20031978-18] Cavalier-Smith, T. (June 2010). "Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree". Biol. Lett. 6 (3): 342–345. DOI:10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948

[19] (2015) "A higher level classification of all living organisms". PLOS ONE 10 (4): e0119248. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248

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